. and the u.s.' counterterrorism policies in north africa are highly unpopular. so we need to get better and smarter about how we do counterterrorism, and i think a big piece of it is economic. counterterrorism, i don't know how much it's shifted because they were really smart about it early on, but then the resources put sort of more on the military side even though it tried to be more socioeconomic early on. i think the we need a much more holistic approach to counterterrorism. >> thank you, dr. alexander, for your question. i think that one of the reasons for this situation in northern mali is precisely the issue of refugees. i happen to have recorded some of the what happened, i mean, as a spawn of libya, of what happened already since the return of the, of the tuaregs who were serving in thegy gaze under gadhafi. in may 284,000 fled northern mali. about 60,000 went to -- [inaudible] 61,000 went to mauritania. you were talking about the neighborhood, what's going on. algeria, i think, has 15,000 or 20,000. so if the situation if there is an intervention, you know, as the french are w